WordPress hosting is a service for those who have a blog, or would like to create a blog and have their own domain name. With common tools and layouts that WordPress.com users will be familiar with, it is a web platform streamlined for ease of use, and it is for bloggers who want a space to call their own. If you already have a blog with WordPress.com, it is easy and inexpensive to transfer to a domain on WordPress.org, costing as little as $3 a month. For instance, instead of http://yourblog.WordPress.com/, with WordPress hosting you would have http://yourblog.com/, or http://www.yourblog.com/, or a brand new name for your domain, if you would like.

cPanel hosting is used by many different web hosting companies to simplify the process of setting up a web site on a dedicated server. For building a web site or blog on the WordPress platform, it's one of the fastest ways to set it up.

Lots of companies are now offering web hosting packages for as little as $2.45 a month, giving you affordable access to your web site or blog. They are able to offer you a price this low because it is shared hosting between the WordPress platform and the hosting service. WordPress is added to, and maintained, by thousands of free supporters and volunteers, and new innovations and layouts are constantly being added to the Web hosting program, while keeping the interface simple and easy to navigate.

The blogging community is made up of writers, hobbyists, and all sorts of interesting people who have something to add. Many social networking sites have come out of WordPress, and it gives unique people, who have something in common, a chance to connect and give back. For years, WordPress has been hailed as the leading blogging platform, and with the ability to own your own domain name, there is no better way to become a part of today's blogosphere.

cPanel hosting makes it easy to set up WordPress and to choose the layout you want to have for your site or blog. Web hosting has come down greatly in price in recent years, and WordPress has consistently been the popular choice for both bloggers and social networkers who want a cost-effective way to maintain a presence online. With WordPress, you can add widgets to your sidebar and arrange them exactly how you want. You can for example link to your profile on Facebook, or let people subscribe to your Twitter feed. The choices are endless, which is why it for long has been the first choice for bloggers for the past four years.

WordPress makes it easy to say what you want to say and to establish the kind of presence on the Internet you want. Simply put it is the best way of getting your name across. WordPress blogs featuring keyword-dense content get great Google search rankings, and many niche topics have been covered by talented bloggers throughout the WordPress system. For easy web hosting, cPanel is the best way to set up a site or blog on the WordPress platform.

About the Author: Jonas Bates is a father of 2, likes music and loves to draw. He is working for webhostgear.com, a well-respected web hosting guide.

Continue Reading >>WordPress Hosting

As you may already know, Crisp Sets consists of well-defined collection of objects. Well-defined in the sense that the objects either belong to or doesn't belong to a set. Here are some of the most important operations of Crisp sets:

Union

The union of two sets A and B is a set containing the elements of both set A and set B. It is represented as (A ∪ B)

Intersection

The intersection of two sets A & B is a set whose elements are commonly contained by both set A and set B. It is represented as (A ∩ B)

Compliment

Compliment of a set A is a set of all elements which are in Universe of Discourse 'E' but not in set A. Compliment of a set A is represented by A^c

Difference

The differences of sets A and B is A-B which is nothing but a set of all elements which are in A but not it B or anywhere other in E. It is represented by (A - B)

Continue Reading >>Operations on Crisp Sets

To get a glimpse of what's popular over here, you'll have to check out some of the following most popular posts in 2010 and before:

• Web Hosting Services to Publish a Blog or Website

• Troubleshooting Tips to 50 Most Frequently asked Hardware Problems

• The Four Kinds of Hosting

• Import Your Albums and Photos from Picasa Web Albums to Orkut

• Informational Tab Add-on for Firefox Lets You Preview Web Pages Before Opening

• Emoticon of a Smiling Face | Smiley :-)

• How To Add Facebook Status Updates in Blogger Blogs

• Easily Print in Anywhere @STICKPOP Portable Printer

• Cool Math Websites For Kids

• Reliable Internet Telephony @ Spokn

• Win Invites to the Spanking New Orkut

• Nokia 6700 Classic - The New Middle Range Mobile Phone from Nokia

• Samsung S5230W Star WiFi Review

• Speed Up Firefox With Speedyfox

• BlackBerry Storm2 9550 - The New Touch Screen Smartphone from BlackBerry

• Disable the "Secondary Logon" Service to Prevent Starting Processes Under Alternate Credentials

• How-To Display Legal Notice Dialog Box During System Startup in Windows

• Troubleshooting slowdown in boot up time

• Arktan Puts An Arc Across Your Tangential Life On The Web

• Acer Aspire One D250 Overview

• Software Development Life Cycle - (SDLC)

• Anti-Theft Software for Mobile Phones - Maverick Secure Mobile (MSM)

• Cbox - A Unique Commenting & Chat Widget

• Alienware M17x -The most powerful gaming laptop Overview

• Edit Audio Files & Create Your Own Ringtone with AUDACITY

• Troubleshoot User Profile Error

• Troubleshooting Brontok Virus

• How-To Manually Remove Logo1_.exe Virus From Your System

• Only the Very Best Online Games @ Friv.com

• Play Hang Kasab Until Death Free Flash Game

• Dress up your Firefox web browser with Mozilla Labs Personas

• Have FUN Shopping Online @ Shopcorn

• Using TeamViewer Connect To Any Remote Computer

• Chat in 9 Indian Languages with Yahoo! IndiChat

• LG Crystal GD900 - World's First Transparent Touchpad Phone!

• How-To Find contact email of any blog or site owner

• RapidArc : Latest in Radiation Technology For The Treatment Of Cancer

• 25GB Free Online Storage @ Windows Live SkyDrive

• Expand Any Acronym, Abbreviation or Initialism

• Is Your Password Secure?

• Tracking Made Easy With 'SatGuide GPS Logger'

• How-To Connect Your Computer To Your Television

• Your Photos in 3D

• Quicker Ways To Shutdown Windows XP PC

• How-To Make Your Browser Homepage Never Being Changed

• Hibernate Your PC

• How-To Set Logon Hours and Control User Logon Time in Windows XP

• How-To Trace IP-Address of Any Website

• How-To Lock Your Folders Without Using any Software

• How–To uncover Hidden game in Microsoft Excel 2000

• Be Careful Using "Ctrl+C" and "Ctrl+V" Using Internet

• NComputing Virtual Desktops deliver computing access for fraction of the cost of PC's

Continue Reading >>Most Popular Posts @ Wonderful Tech Stuff Up Till 2010

With the ever growing popularity of Twitter, the number of users is increasing rapidly. Almost all of the twitter users must be aware of TweetDeck, the most widely used Twitter clients. But due to its incapability to support the Android platform, it was pushed back for quite a time but this was recently overcome by launching a TweekDeck Twitter client that supports Android platform.

Started recently, this famous application will regain its grounds by being launched in Android OS based devices. According to users, the TweekDeck application pretty much provides the same flexibility and user-interactivity as the beta app. However, some of the functionalities are not still polished enough for attracting more number of users.

The TweekDeck app serves as an all-in-one application that offers the users support for Twitter, Facebook, Foursquare and Buzz. Even though some functions are not fully polished, the interface of the current version of application has quite a decent and clean interface. The TweekDeck version of iPhone does not have the support for Foursquare and Buzz yet.

In the forthcoming iterations of the client, TweekDeck promises to add more interactive interface, support for multiple Twitter accounts, enhanced maps performance and ability for uploading videos. To be a part of beta testing program and to check out how to install the app on your Android OS device do head over to the official TweekDeck website.

Continue Reading >>TweetDeck Now on Android

With advancement in technology, new innovations in the world of gadgets are quite a common scenario. In such machine age, cell phones have become one of the most rapidly growing gadgets with advanced technology. Most of the cell phones seen today are based or ARM's Core A8 or quite similar architecture like in the case of Qualcomm's Snapdragon.

Either in the end of this year or more likely in the next year the SoCs based ARM's Cortex A9 will be out shipping in phones. The road doesn't end there, later this year ARM is going to announce the successor to Cortex A9, named as Eagle.

The Texas Instruments (TI) has officially announced that it will be the first one to license the ARM Eagle Core. The Texas Instruments is not just licensing the core it also has helped in defining the specifications for the core. The Texas Instruments is been jointly working on developing the design of ARM since June 09 and it expects to be the 1^st one on market the SoCs base on ARM's Eagle core.

Eagle performance is expected to be quite competitive with the future derivatives of the Intel's Mooretown SoC, the consumption of power however is expected to be quite similar as both are manufactured under 2x-nm manufacturing process. TI's Cortex A9 based SoCs will be shipped by soon and cell phones having them will be made available in early 2011, based on this assumption the Eagle may not be in picture until 2012.

Continue Reading >>ARM Next Generation Eagle Core Licensed by Texas Instruments

Samsung mobile has recently announced a new multimedia cell phone in their family the 'Samsung i8520 Beam'.

The Samsung i8520 Beam comes with touch screen interface and user-friendly functions and features. The functions and features of the phone are designed in such a way that it takes care of professional and personal needs of the users.

Samsung i8520 Beam comes with 3.7 inches AMOLED capacitive touch display screen with 16M colors and resolution of 480 x 800 pixels. The phone is loaded with the following key features and technical specifications:

• Accelerometer sensor for UI auto-rotate, Projector UI,  Proximity sensor for auto turn-off, Multi-touch input method, Scratch-resistant surface and Handwriting recognition.


• 16 GB of internal storage memory with 512MB ROM and 384MB RAM for high speed application processing.


• Android OS, v2.1 (Eclair) Operating System and 720 MHz processor for rapid processing.


• 8 mega pixel primary camera with Geo-tagging, face, smile and blink detection, autofocus, LED flash and Video recording 720p@30fps. The phone also features secondary VGA camera for easy video conferencing.


• Connectivity features Bluetooth v3.0 with A2DP, microUSB v2.0, GPRS (Class 12), EDGE (Class 12), HSDPA having speed 7.2 Mbps, HSUPA 5.76 Mbps and Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n.


• Non-stop entertainment with Stereo FM radio with RDS, Audio/Video player, social networking integration and pre-installed games.


• GPS of type A for in detailed navigation assistance.

Samsung i8520 Beam comes with Black color portable body weighing only 156 grams and having sleek dimensions measuring 123 x 59.8 x 14.9 mm. The battery of the phone comes with a stand-by time of up to 630 hours in 2G and up to 530 hours in 3G and talk-time of 14 hours in 2G and 7 hours 20 min in 3G.

This amazing phone from Samsung mobiles that made quite an impression on users with its advanced features and eye-catchy design is priced at around INR Rs.40000 (US $750 approx)

Continue Reading >>Samsung i8520 Beam Android 2.1 Pico Projector Multimedia Mobile Phone Overview

Singular and Non-Singular Matrix

A is a square matrix. If |A| = 0 , then A is called singular and if |A| ≠ 0 then A is called as a non-singular matrix.

Theorems:-

1. If A is a non-singular matrix then
   
   
   
   

2. If A is non-singular then A has to be invertible.


3. If A, B are non-singular matrices then
   


4. If A is a non-singular matrix and K is a non-zero real number then
   


5. If A is a non-zero square matrix and there exists a square matrix B of same type such that AB = 0, then B is necessarily singular.


6. If A, B are non-zero square matrices of the same type such that AB = 0, then both A and B are necessarily singular.


7. If A is singular then Adjoint of A is also singular.


8. If A is non-singular then Adjoint of A is also non-singular and |Adj A| = |A| to the power of (n-1)


9. If A and B are non-singular matrices then, Adj (AB) = Adj B. Adj A


10. For any two square matrices of the same type which means both are of same order n, |Adj AB| = |Adj A|.|Adj B|


11. If A is a non-singular square matrix of order n, then
    


12. For any square matrix A of order n either it's singular or non-singular, the following holds true:
    

Continue Reading >>Singular and Non-Singular Matrix

LG has recently updated its cell phone family with introducing a fully-featured multimedia phone, the LG T300 Wink. Loaded with latest technology and new advanced features, the cell phone offers its users with interactive mobile computing platform.

LG T300 Wink has a 2.4 inches touch TFT display screen with screen size 240 x 320 pixels and 256k colors for an enhanced display. With the built-in accelerometer sensor, the phone switches automatically between landscape and portrait mode. The phone is loaded with other prime features and specifications like:

• Expandable memory of up to 16GB via microSD card slot.
• Bluetooth version 2.1 with A2DP and microUSB v2.0 connectivity for rapid data transfers.
• 2 mega pixel primary camera with video recording capability
• Pre-installed MP3/eAAC+ player, MP4/H.264 player and Stereo FM radio with RDS for getting tuned to your favorite music
• In-built games for doorway to non-stop entertainment
• GPRS and EDGE both of type Class 10 and WAP 2.0/ xHTML browser for high speed internet surfing

The LG T300 Wink comes with a portable and sleek body weighing only 76 grams and having dimensions 95.8 x 50.5 x 11.9 mm. The body of the phone comes with optional white or black color. The LG T300 Wink has other features like Standard battery Li-Ion 900 mAh, Voice memo, SNS integration, Java MIDP 2.0 and photo call phonebook. The phone was announced in August 2010 and the official price is expected to be around INR Rs.6000

Continue Reading >>LG T300 Wink Multimedia Mobile Phone

According to Multiplication Theorem of Probability, for any two events A, B probability of A∩B is as given below

P(A∩B) = P(A).P(B/A) = P(B).P(A/B)

Suppose N is the total number of simple events in the sample space S.

Simple events in A∩B = λ₁, λ₂,........,λ_k

Simple events in A = α₁, α₂,......,α_m,λ₁, λ₂,........,λ_k

Simple events in B = β₁, β₂,......,β_n, λ₁, λ₂,........,λ_k

Number of simple events in A∩B = k

Number of simple events in A = m+k

Number of simple events in B = n+k

P(A∩B) = k/N

P(A) = (m+k)/N

P(B/A) = (number of simple events in A∩B) / (total number of simple events in A) = k / (m+k)

from above we get, P(A). P(B/A) = k/N = P(A∩B)

Therefore P(A∩B) = P(A).P(B/A)

Similarly we can prove that P(A∩B) = P(B).P(A/B)

Note :-

• For any three events A,B,C
  P(A∩B∩C) = P(A) . P(B/A) . P(C/{A∩B})


• P(B/A) = P(A∩B) / P(A) = k / (m+k)

Continue Reading >>Multiplication Theorem of Probability

Procedure for the Calibration of Permanent Magnet Moving Coil (PMMC) Voltmeter:-

1. Give connections as per the circuit diagram in above figure.


2. Vary the voltage across the voltmeter so that it reads a rounded position, say 5 volts.


3. Measure the voltage across the voltmeter by potentiometer and tally the voltmeter indication and potentiometer reading.


4. Draw the calibration curve which is drawn between % error voltage Vs measured potentiometer readings. The expected curve is as follows:
   
   


5. Repeat the above steps for different voltages and tabulate the results. The expected tabular readings are given below:
   
   

   S.No	Voltmeter Reading	Pot. Reading m.f(v)	Measured Pot. Reading = [(m.f)x 30/1.5]	% error
   1.	5	0.249	4.98	0.4
   2.	10	0.487	9.74	2.6
   3.	15	0.736	14.72	1.86
   4.	20	0.987	19.74	1.3
   5.	25	1.2195	24.39	2.44
   6.	30	1.461	29.22	2.6

Precautions

• Connections should always be made with due care of polarity.


• For measuring higher voltages better use a volt ratio box.


• Standardize the potentiometer at regular intervals during prolonged tests to compensate it from any slight drift in the battery voltage.

Continue Reading >>Calibration of PMMC Voltmeter Using a Potentiometer

Procedure for the Calibration of PMMC Ammeter:-

1. Give the connections as per the circuit diagram.


2. By adjusting the supply voltage make that the ammeter shows a current of 0.1 Amps


3. Now measure the voltage across the shunt by using a potentiometer.


4. Determine the current through the shunt by dividing potentiometer reading by shunt resistance (0-1Ω).


5. Draw the calibrations curve which is drawn between %error Vs measured indication. The expected graph is as follows:
   


6. Repeat the same for different current curves with the only precaution of making connections with due care of polarity and tabulate the results. The expected example results are as given in the below table.
   

   S.No	Ammeter Reading	Pot. Reading (V)	Standard Resistance	Measured Reading (A)	% error
   1.	0.51	0.043	0.1	0.43	15.681
   2.	0.61	0.053	0.1	0.53	13.11
   3.	0.7	0.061	0.1	0.61	12.85
   4.	0.89	0.0775	0.1	0.775	12.92
   5.	1.00	0.0875	0.1	0.875	12.5

Continue Reading >>Calibration of Permanent-Magnet Moving Coil aka PMMC Ammeter

Our aim here is to calibrate the given 1-φ energy meter using a precession wattmeter and stopwatch using or employing phantom loading. The main apparatus required for conducting this practical experiment include:

• 1-φ Induction type energy meter - 240V (5-10)A


• Wattmeter 300V/10A UPF


• Phase Shifting Transformer 440V/440, 500VA


• 1-φ Variac - 240V / (0-270)V

Procedure for calibration and testing of 1-φ energy meter:-

1. Give the connections as per the circuit diagram above.


2. Apply 220V A.C to the pressure coil circuit by means of phase shifting transformer.


3. Apply a load of 2 Amps by switching on the load.


4. Note down the reading of two meters in a given period of time, say 2 minutes.


5. Find out the percentage error at this load.


6. Now rotate the rotor of phase shifting transformer so that the working power factor (p.f) of the meter is varied.


7. For this power factor repeat steps 4 and 5.


8. Now increase the load current in suitable steps and repeat the steps 4,5,6 and tabulate the results. The expected example results are given in the table below:
   

   S.No	Current I(A)	Power Factor	Wattmeter (w)x2	Time (T) in Hours	Measured Power (Whr)	% error
   1.	5	UPF	1160	0.0105	12.18	23.87
   2.	5	0.8 lead	720	0.0180	12.96	19
   3.	5	0.8 lag	1120	0.0105	11.76	26.5
   4.	4	unity	920	0.0136	12.512	21.8
   5.	4	0.8 lead	560	0.0227	12.712	20.55
   6.	4	0.8 lag	880	0.0133	11.704	26.85
   7.	3	unity	680	0.0177	12.036	24.775
   8.	0.8 lead	440	0.0297	13.068	13.068	18.32
   9.	3	0.8 lag	680	0.0180	12.24	23.5

   
   
   

Thus we've done the testing and Calibration of a given 1-φ energy meter.

Continue Reading >>Calibration and Testing of Single-Phase Energy Meter

3-Voltmeter Method of Measuring Choke Coil Parameters:-

The choke coil parameters we are going to measure in this 3-voltmeter method are - the inductance, resistance as all choke coils have inherent resistance in addition to their inductance. We also measure the quality factor and power absorbed by the given choke coil.

A given choke coil is usually represented by a pure inductance (L) in series with equivalent resistance (r). This equivalent resistance takes into effect the iron losses in the core of the choke coil and the inherent resistance of the choke coil. 3-Voltmeter method and 3-Ammeter method are two of the best ways to measure these two parameters. Thus the equivalent resistance accounts for the copper loses in the choke coil and the iron loses in the iron core. The following figures represent the circuit diagram of 3-voltmeter, equivalent circuit of choke coil.

Supply voltage 'V_s' can be varied by means of the single phase variac. V_R and V_L are the voltmeter readings across the resistance and choke coil. The phasor diagram for the measurement of choke coil parameters by 3-voltmeter method is as shown below :

From the phasor diagram it is clear that,

Procedure for 3-voltmeter method of finding choke coil parameters :-

1. Give the connections as in the circuit diagram.


2. Apply 230V, 1-φ A.C voltage by means of 1-φ A.C variac to the series combination of choke coil and external resistance.


3. Note down the readings of the 3 voltmeters.


4. Apply different voltages in suitable steps and note down the readings of voltmeter.


5. Calculate coil resistance, inductance and Q-factor using the above mentioned formulae.

Continue Reading >>3-Voltmeter Method of Measuring Choke Coil Parameters

LVDT stands for Linear Variable Differential Transformer. It is most widely used inductive transducer that converts input displacement to an electrical signal. It consists of single primary winding and two secondary windings having equal number of turns and placed identically on either side of the primary winding. A movable soft iron core is placed inside a former upon which the windings are wound. The block diagram of LVDT is as follows:
The primary is excited by an A.C voltage of frequency 50Hz to 20KHz. The secondary are connected in series opposing when the core is placed in the null position and the output voltage is zero as equal voltages induced in the secondary cancel each other.

LVDT primary, secondary windings are connected such that applied voltage on primary and induced voltage on secondary are 180° phase opposition as shown in the figure. If the core is moved to the left of null position more flux will link S1 than that of S2. A resultant voltage (Es1 - Es2) which is in phase with primary voltage will appear across the output.

If the core is moved to the right of null position, the resultant voltage (Es1 - Es2) is 180° out of phase with primary voltage which will be the output. Thus the output voltage is a measure of displacement. The variation of output voltage with the displacement is as shown below:
Linear Variable Differential Transformer(LVDT) has the advantage of having high sensitivity, high range, ruggedness, low hysteresis, and low power consumption.

Procedure for finding the characteristics of LVDT:-

1. Connect the terminals marked "Primary" on the DPM to the terminals marked "Primary" on LVDT transformer.


2. Similarly connect "secondary" terminals on the DPM to the "secondary" terminals on LVDT


3. Keep the pot (P1) in "MAX" in the post anti-clockwise position.


4. Caliberation of DPM:- The magnetic core is so positioned that the pointer is indicating zero position. If the DPM is not indicating zero, rotate the plot 'MN' to zero to get a zero on DPM. Now displace the core 19mm position in one of the directions. Adjust the 'MAX' plot to get an indication of 19.00 on DPM.


5. Now displace the core by a small amount in range of ±19mm and note the scale readings and DPM readings.


6. Draw the graph of input displacement on X-axis and output displacement of Y-axis. The expected waveform is as follows:

Precautions to be taken for this experiment are

• While connecting the terminals on DPM to transducer follow the color code carefully.
• Move the LVDT core in a gentle fashion by operating the knob for more movements.

Continue Reading >>Characteristics of LVDT - Linear Variable Differential Transformer

Luxury is not a mere status symbol these days but it's to encounter the feeling of freedom and inspiration. This is what exactly the TRIP suitcase is designed to offer you. Travelteq TRIP suitcase is based on a innovative lifestyle that retains your individuality at all times.

Travelteq TRIP is not just an ordinary travel case but it is a flexible and versatile package that is small enough to be stored in the overhead compartment of a plane, yet big enough to create the highest amount of comfort you need.

The TRIP travel case can be easily transformed into chair that provides you the comfort to relax and work in any situation, even in airports, subways, railway stations and parks.

With its unique Dutch design and uncompromising durability, the TRIP travel case can make your journey more comfortable than ever. And adding to the comfort zone is its Intelligent design which includes a smart kangaroo compartment that allows you to get to your laptop, notebook, phone, newspapers and pencils with ease, without having to open the entire case.

The intelligence of the TRIP suitcase doesn't stop there, as it also boasts a custom integrated sound system with top quality speaks that enables you to listen to your favorite music tracks in the comfort of your hotel room. And all it takes to remove them when not in use is simply unplug them and remove from the case.

Continue Reading >>Travelteq Introduces the First Intelligent Suitcase - The TRIP

Our aim here is to measure the inductance and inherent resistance of a given choke coil and also to determine the quality factor using 3-Ammeter method.

Equivalent circuit of any choke coil consists of inductance in addition to inherent resistance. Usually, any given choke coil is represented by a pure inductance (L) in series with equivalent resistance (r). The equivalent resistance takes into effect the iron losses in the core of choke coil and its inherent resistance as well. By using 3-Ammeter method and 3-Voltmeter method we can efficiently measure these two parameters.

The circuit diagram for the measurement of choke coil parameters for 3-Ammeter method is as given below:

3-Ammeter Method

In this method 3-ammeters are used, one of them measure current supplied by the source to the parallel combination of choke coil and external resistance. The remaining two ammeters measure the current through choke coil and resistor. The vector diagram for the 3-ammeter method is as shown hereunder along with necessary formula for finding coil resistance, coil impedance, coil reactance, Q-factor and also the power absorbed by the choke coil.

Vector Diagram for 3-Ammeter Method

3-Ammeter Method of Measuring Choke Coil Parameters Formula

Procedure for 3-Ammeter method of measuring choke coil parameters :-

1. Give the connections as in the circuit diagram.


2. Apply 230V, 1-φ supply to the parallel combination of choke coil and external resistance.


3. Note down the reading of all the three ammeters.


4. Now vary the rheostat (500Ω/1.8A) so that I_s varies in suitable steps.


5. At each step tabulate the reading of the three ammeters and calculate coil resistance and inductance using the formula given above.


6. Also determine Q-factor in each step and compare the results.

Tags: electrical measurements

Continue Reading >>Measurement of Choke Coil Parameters by Using 3-Ammeter Method

Implication in Fuzzy Logic:-

If P, Q, R are Fuzzy propositions defined on sets A, B, C of their respective universe of discourses, then the fuzzy propositions P, Q, R are given by

P : x is A, A ⊂ X
Q : y is B, B ⊂ Y
R : y is C, C ⊂ Y

P → Q : Max [ 1 - T(P), T(Q) ]
If A, then B (in linguistic rule form)

In set theoretic form, it is given by the relation
R = (A X B) V (A^c X Y)

It membership function is given by

for the linguistic "If A then B else C", the set theoretic form is given by
R = (A X B) V (A^c X C)

Its membership function is given by -

Other forms of Fuzzy Implication:-

Correlation minimum or Mamdani's Implication:-

Łukasiewicz Implication:-

Bounded-Sum Implication:-

Correlation Product Implication:-

Browerian Implication:-

R-SEQ Implication (Standard Sequence Logic):-

Continue Reading >>Implication in Fuzzy Logic

The compound proposition exclusive NOR is represented as

Logical Proofs :-

• P : a person is engineer


• Q : a person is mathematician


• R : a person is logical thinker


• S : a person who believes in magic

Hypothesis :-

• Engineers are mathematicians.


• Logical thinkers don't believe in magic.


• Mathematicians are logical thinkers.

Conclusion:-

Engineers do-not believe in magic can be inferred simply by the associativity property.

Continue Reading >>The Compound Proposition Exclusive NOR

Modus Ponens :-

If A and B are two simple propositions defined on Universe of discourse X then the compound proposition tautology

Proof :-

Modus Tollens :-

When A and B are two simple propositions defined on Universe of elements X then the compound proposition

Proof :-

Continue Reading >>State and Prove Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens